A na-eji igwe na-egwuputa ihe na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na-egwupụta akụ na ụba.Gụnyere igwe na-egwuputa ihe na igwe erite uru.Ụkpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ na nhazi nke igwe na-atụ anya na-abụkarị otu ma ọ bụ yiri nke a na-eji na-egwupụta mineral ndị yiri ya.N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ sara mbara, igwe na-atụ anya bụkwa nke igwe na-egwupụta akụ.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-ejikwa ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke cranes, ndị na-ebugharị, ikuku ventilashị na igwe drainage na-arụ ọrụ na-egwupụta akụ.

Nhazi nke igwe na-egwuputa ihe

1. akụrụngwa na-etipịa
Akụrụngwa ndị na-egwepịa ihe bụ ngwá ọrụ e ji gwepịa ihe ndị dị n'ime ala.

A na-ekewakarị ọrụ ịhịa aka n'ahụ n'ime nhịhịa siri ike, nzọpịa ọkara na nke dị mma dịka nha nri na ịwụsa granularity siri dị.Akụrụngwa gravel a na-ejikarị gụnyere agba agba, ihe nhịhịa mmetụta, ihe nhịahụ mmetụta, ihe nhịahụ ihe, igwe nhịahụ otu-ogbo, igwe kwụ ọtọ, gyratory crusher, cone crusher, igwe na-egweri igwe, igwe na-egweri okpukpu abụọ, onye na-apịaji abụọ, onye n'ime otu, otu oge. na-akpụ ọkpọ, wdg.

A na-ekewa ya na ngalaba isii dị ka usoro ịkụpịa ihe na njirimara nhazi nke igwe (ụkpụrụ omume).
(1) Ọkụ nhịhịa (Laohukou).Ihe na-akụda mmụọ bụ iji oge ụfọdụ pịa efere agba a na-ebugharị ebugharị n'efere agba a kapịrị ọnụ iji gwepịa ihe ndị dị na ore a na-etinye n'ime ya.
(2) Cone crusher.Ihe mgbochi ore dị n'etiti cones dị n'ime na nke mpụta, a na-edozi cone nke dị n'èzí, cone nke dị n'ime na-atụgharịkwa n'ụzọ zuru oke iji gwepịa ma ọ bụ mebie ngọngọ ore na sandwiched na ya.
(3) Roller crusher.A na-edobe nugget ahụ ka ọ na-egwepịa ya na-aga n'ihu na oghere dị n'etiti rollers abụọ na-agbanwe agbanwe, mana ọ na-enwekwa mmetụta na-egweri na peeling, na elu igwe nwere ezé nwekwara mmetụta igbutu.
(4) Ihe nhịahụ mmetụta.A na-egwepịa mkpụrụ akụ ndị ahụ site na mmetụta nke akụkụ ndị na-agbagharị ngwa ngwa.Enwere ike kewaa nke otu a na: hammer crusher;onye na-agbaji ọnụ;mmetụta crusher.
(5) Igwe egweri.A na-egwepịa ọla ahụ site na mmetụta na ihe egweri nke ihe na-egweri (bọọlụ ígwè, mkpanaka ígwè, gravel ma ọ bụ ngọngọ ore) na cylinder na-atụgharị.
(6) Ụdị igwe ndị ọzọ na-egwepịa na egweri.

2. Ngwuputa igwe
Igwe na-egwuputa ihe bụ ihe eji arụ ọrụ nke a na-eji eme ihe maka ngwuputa mineral bara uru na ọrụ Ngwuputa, gụnyere: igwe na-egwuputa ihe na-egwupụta ọla na ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla;igwe na-egwupụta kol maka ikpo ọkụ;Igwe na-egwupụta mmanụ maka igwu mmanụ ala.Ọ bụ injinia Walker bụ onye Britain bụ onye Britain bụ onye injinia bụ́ Walker rụpụtara akpa akpa akpa ikuku pneumatic ma rụpụta ya nke ọma n’ihe dị ka n’afọ 1868. N’afọ ndị 1880, a na-eji uzuoku a na-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri gwuo ọtụtụ narị olulu mmanụ na United States nke ọma.N'afọ 1907, a na-eji igwe na-akpụ akpụ gwuo mmanụ na olulu mmiri gas.Kemgbe 1937, a na-eji ya eme ihe maka igwu olulu..

3. Ngwuputa igwe
Igwe na-egwuputa ihe igwe na-egwuputa ihe nke a na-eji na ogbunigwe n'okpuru ala na nke mepere emepe gunyere: igwe eji agbaputa ihe maka ogbugba ogbugba;igwe na-egwuputa ihe na ntinye na ibutu igwe maka igwu ala na ibu ihe;igwe tunneling maka igwu ala patios, aro na larịị.

4. Igwe eji egwu egwu
A na-ekewa ígwè ọrụ ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri ụzọ abụọ: igwe na-egwupụta nkume na ihe ndị na-egwupụta ihe.A na-ekewa ndị na-egwupụta ihe n'elu ala na ala ala.
① Nkuku okwute: a na-eji olulu mgbawa nwere dayameta nke 20-100 mm na omimi nke na-erughị mita 20 n'ime okwute dị elu karịa ike siri ike.Dị ka ike ha si dị, ha nwere ike kewaa n'ime ikuku, ọkụ ọkụ n'ime, hydraulic na eletriki nkume drills.N'ime ha, a na-eji ụgbọ elu ikuku eme ihe.
② Igwe na-egwupụta ihe dị n'elu: Dị ka usoro dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ si dị iche iche nke ịkwanye nkume nkume, ọ na-ekewa n'ime eriri igwe na-agbapụta nchara, nke na-agbapụta ala-oghere, igwe na-egwupụta ihe na rotary.Ejila nke nta nke nta dochie ihe ndị ọzọ na-egwupụta eriri eriri waya n'ihi na ha dị ala.
③ Ngwuputa ihe ngwuputa ala: Mgbe a na-egwuputa ogbugba ogbunigwe nke nwere dayameta nke na-erughi 150 mm, na mgbakwunye na ihe omumu okwute, enwere ike iji obere dayameta ala nke 80 ruo 150 mm.

5. Ngwá ọrụ tunneling
N'iji nrụgide axial na ike ntụgharị nke onye na-egbu ihe na-atụgharị n'elu nkume ahụ, ọ nwere ike ịkụpịa nkume nkume ore ma ọ bụ nhazi ngwa ngwa nke ọma.Mma ndị a na-eji gụnyere ihe mkpuchi diski, oghere wedge, bọtịnụ bọtịnụ na ngwa igwe igwe.Dị ka ihe dị iche nke tunneling, ọ na-ekewa n'ime welie na-agwụ ike rig, aro na-agwụ ike rig na larịị okporo ụzọ na-agwụ ike igwe.
① A na-eji igwe na-ebuli oghere dị elu nke ọma maka ịkwanye oghere na chutes.N'ozuzu, ọ dịghị mkpa ịbanye na oghere ịrị elu.A na-ebu ụzọ kụwaa oghere onye na-anya ụgbọelu ahụ, a na-ejikwa oghere reamer nke nwere diski diski mejuputara oghere ahụ n'elu.
② A na-eji ihe eji eme ihe na-egwupụta ihe nke ọma na-egwupụta olulu mmiri n'otu oge, ma na-agụnye usoro ihe eji eme ihe, ihe eji eme ihe, derrick, ihe na-ebuli ngwá ọrụ na usoro mgbasa ozi apịtị.
③ Igwe na-adọba ihe, ọ bụ akụrụngwa mechanized zuru oke nke na-ejikọ igwe na-agbaji nkume na mgbawa slag na ngwupụta ala na-aga n'ihu.A na-ejikarị ya eme okporo ụzọ coal, ọwara injinia n'ime ogbunigwe dị nro na ọkwa etiti nke okwute ọla nwere ike siri ike na karịa.Tunneling.

6. Igwe Ngwuputa Coal
Ọrụ Ngwuputa Coal amalitela site na ọkara-mechanization na 1950 ruo n'ịrụ ọrụ zuru oke na 1980s.A na-eji igwe na-egwupụta kol eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ịkụkọ coal okpukpu abụọ (otu) drum jikọtara ndị na-egwupụta coal (ma ọ bụ ịkọ ugbo), ndị na-ebufe ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe, ihe nkwado hydraulic na-ebugharị onwe ya na akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ iji mee ka igwe na-egwupụta kol na-egwepịa ma na-ebu ọrụ zuru oke nke coal, njem, nkwado na njikọ ndị ọzọ ga-emezu.Onye na-akpacha nkụ nke okpukpu abụọ bụ igwe na-adapụta coal.Igwe ọkụ eletrik na-ebufe ike na drum spiral iji dobe coal site na mbelata akụkụ nke ịkpụ, a na-enwetakwa mmegharị nke igwe site na igwe eletriki site na ngwaọrụ nnyefe akụkụ traction.Enwere ụzọ traction abụọ n'ụzọ bụ isi, ya bụ traction yinye arịlịka na traction na-abụghị arịlịka.A na-enweta traction arịlịka arịlịka site na ijikọ sprocket nke akụkụ traction na arịlịka nke edoziri na ebufe.

7. Ịgbapu mmanụ
Igwe na-egwupụta mmanụ n'ikpere mmiri.Dị ka usoro Ngwuputa si kwuo, a na-ekewa ya n'ime igwe na-egwupụta ihe, igwe na-emepụta mmanụ, igwe na-arụ ọrụ, na ígwè na-agbaji na acidizing maka ịnọgide na-emepụta nnukwu olulu mmanụ.Igwe na-egwuputa ihe Ngwa igwe zuru oke maka igwu mmiri ma ọ bụ olulu mmiri maka mmepe mmanụ ma ọ bụ gas.Akụrụngwa na-egwu mmanụ, gụnyere derricks, drawworks, igwe ọkụ, sistemu mgbasa apịtị, sistemu ihe eji eme ihe, ihe ntụgharị, nrụnye isi olulu mmiri na sistemụ njikwa ọkụ eletrik.A na-eji derrick wụnye cranes, ihe mgbochi njem, nko, wdg, na-ebuli ihe ndị ọzọ dị arọ elu na ala ala a na-egwupụta ihe, na ịkwụsịtụ ngwá ọrụ ndị na-egwupụta ihe na olulu mmiri maka igwu mmiri.

8. Igwe nhazi nke mineral
Uru bụ usoro ịhọrọ mineral bara uru sitere na akụrụngwa ịnweta akụrụngwa anakọtara dịka ọdịiche dị na akụrụngwa anụ ahụ, anụ ahụ na kemịkalụ nke mineral dị iche iche.A na-akpọ mmejuputa usoro a maka igwe na-erite uru.A na-ekewa igwe ntinye ego n'ime ngwepịa, ichikota, nyocha, nhazi (nhazi) na igwe na-ekpochapụ mmiri dịka usoro ntinye ego si dị.Igwe ngwepịa ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ ndị na-ahịhịa agba, ndị na-akpụ gyratory, ndị na-egwepịa cone, ndị na-egwepịa ihe na ndị na-afụ ụfụ mmetụta.Nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'igwe egweri bụ igwe igwe gbọmgbọm, gụnyere igwe igwe mkpanaka, igwe igwe bọọlụ, igwe okwute gravel na nnukwu igwe igwe ihe eji eme onwe ya.A na-ejikarị enyo na-ama jijiji na-ama jijiji na ihuenyo resonance na igwe nyocha.A na-ejikarị igwe nhazi ọkwa hydraulic na nhazi nhazi arụ ọrụ n'ọrụ nhazi nke mmiri.Igwe nkewa nkewa flotation nke a na-ejikarị bụ igwe na-ekuku ikuku microbubble flotation igwe, na igwe akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ a ma ama bụ igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ọtụtụ ugboro bụ tailings akọrọ.Usoro ịhịa aka n'ahụ na nke a ma ama nke ọma bụ igwe igwe ihe eji eme ihe.

9. Igwe eji akpọnwụ akpọnwụ
Igwe mmiri pụrụ iche nke slime bụ ụdị akụrụngwa ihicha pụrụ iche nke emepụtara na ndabere nke ọkpọ nkụ, nke enwere ike iji ya na:
1. ihicha nke coal ụlọ ọrụ slime, raw coal, flotation dị ọcha coal, agwakọta dị ọcha coal na ihe ndị ọzọ;
2. Ịkpọ nkụ nke ọkụ ọkụ slag, ụrọ, bentonite, limestone, ájá, nkume quartz na ihe ndị ọzọ na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe;
3. ihicha nke dị iche iche metal concentrates, n'efu residues, tailings na ihe ndị ọzọ na-erite uru ụlọ ọrụ;
4. ihicha ihe ndị na-adịghị ọkụ ọkụ na ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ.